The Energy Ministry says it may collect a windfall levy on refinery margins for the 8th time before end-October 2026, after 7 rounds raised about 28,000 million baht. Refinery margins are above the normal 15-20 USD/barrel range. Ministry says borrowing is not the first option, so the fuel fund may lean on levies and tax changes instead. No firm timing or amount is set. For a Thai SME, the practical effect is that fuel price relief may be funded by refiners rather than new debt, but whether the fund stays solvent depends on margins. Plan fuel costs with uncertainty; the Finance Ministry's excise cut for B20/E20 has no set end date.