Dr. Thon Thamrongnawasawat (Kasetsart University) says the coming El Niño could bring a long dry spell: rain may end from November and water-conservation pressure could last about 8 months, with the heat possibly lasting until June. Expect higher costs for water and air-conditioning (one cafe owner saw electricity up about 12% in 2024). Farm income could fall about 9% (around 70,000 million baht, per NESDC data cited), which hits suppliers and local demand. Island tourism businesses face water costs during peak season. Plan water storage, power costs and staffing for the dry months now, and prepare for emergencies affecting elderly or bedridden family members.